The Supreme executive authority of Rostov region, acting on a permanent basis, is the administration of the region.

The elected Head of the Administration (Governor) of the Rostov region heads the executive State regional authority and is the highest official in the Rostov region.

The structure of the Rostov region administration includes the Head of the Administration (Governor) of the Rostov region , deputies of the Head of the Administration (Governor) of the Rostov region and 18 structural subdivisions of the Administration of Rostov region.

The Administration of the Rostov region heads 25 regional executive authorities and the representative office of the Rostov region in the Government of the Russian Federation. They are created in accordance with the Charter of the Rostov region and make part of the executive system of the Rostov region.

The Administration of Rostov region provides for application of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws and other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation in the territory of the Russian Federation, including the Charter of the Rostov region, regional laws and other normative legal acts of the Rostov region. The Administration of the region designs and carries out measures to provide for the complex social and economic development of the Rostov region, and participates in the implementation of the unified state policy in the field of finances, science, education public health, social security and environmental protection.

Regional executive authorities co-ordinate and regulate the activity in corresponding sectors (areas of management) as well as fulfilling licensing, regulating and supervisory functions.

The system of the executive branch includes twelve Ministries:

• Ministry of Finance carries out control over the budget proceedings and shapes financial and budgetary policy of the region. The Ministry of Finance is also responsible for forming the budget and funds expenditure according to the approved budget.
• Ministry of Economics, Trade, International and External Economic Relations pursues the unified state social and economic, investment and innovation policy in the territory of the Rostov region and organises the activities of various state and private companies in the matters of international co-operation.
• Ministry of Motorways, Transportation and Communications coordinates, regulates and stimulates the development of transport and means of communication as well as road infrastructure; encourages demonopolization and development of competition in those sectors.
• Ministry of Industry, Energy and Natural Resources regulates the economic activity of companies, partially in state property, working in the fuel and energy sector and nature management, and develops tariff and price policy for natural monopolies.
• Ministry of Agriculture and Foodstuffs co-ordinates, stimulates and regulates the development of the agricultural sector, fishing and water industries, melioration, natural management matters, forest industry, hunting, land and agrarian reforms, creation of food reserves and state orders fulfilment.  
• Ministry of Property and Land-Ownership Relations, Financial Recovery of Enterprises and Organisations
• Ministry of Construction, Architecture, Housing and Communal Services ;
• Ministry of Health Services;
• Ministry of General and Professional Education;
• Ministry of Labour and Social Development;
• Ministry of Culture;
• Ministry for Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism.